Logos

CATEGORYcat.definite

definite

A referent presented as identifiable to the addressee, whether from earlier mention, from shared knowledge, or from the situation of speaking.

Definiteness is a claim about the addressee, not about the world. The speaker asserts that the addressee can pick the referent out, and the grounds for that assertion vary: the referent may have been mentioned, may be present, or may be the only one of its kind in the context. Because the claim is about identifiability rather than about uniqueness, it can be made for a referent the addressee has never encountered, provided the description supplied is enough to fix it.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
  • SOURCEUniMorph Schema (Sylak-Glassman 2016)src.unimorph-schemano page in v1

What kind of category this is

category.classification

A category is either a question or one of its answers. Which it is decides what else may be said about it.

tiertier
valueone answer to a dimension's question
comparabilitycomparability
comparativethe same category is compared across languages
scopescope
No language scope. The field is null and that is an assertion, not a silence: a category is language-particular exactly when it names one.
groupsgroups
None. groups is dimension-only (03-schema.md §4.1a), so an empty list on a value is the correct reading and not a gap.
orderedordered
Not applicable. ordered is dimension-only: a value has no value set to order (03-schema.md §4.1a).

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • CATEGORYdefinitecat.definiteCATEGORY

    A referent presented as identifiable to the addressee, whether from earlier mention, from shared knowledge, or from the situation of speaking.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • CATEGORYdefinitecat.definiteCATEGORY

    A referent presented as identifiable to the addressee, whether from earlier mention, from shared knowledge, or from the situation of speaking.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

these carry this object

selects

edges.selects

the parent requires this elsewhere

these require this object elsewhere

admits

edges.admits

the dimension's value set

this object is admitted by

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by