Logos

FORMfrm.eng.be

be

The plain shape of the copula, the untensed member of a contrast most verbs in this language leave invisible.

A shape carrying no tense cannot head an independent clause, and this is the one lexical item where that contrast is legible in the morphology rather than only in the syntax. It carries no paradigm cell here, because the cell type requires a tense drawn from a closed set and an untensed shape has none to give. The language tests the contrast in several ways that do not depend on the shape at all: only a tensed form inverts with the subject in a question, only a tensed form takes the reduced negator, and only a tensed clause can stand alone. The frames built on this word are built on the word and not on this shape, which is why the dimensions they serve are realized by a word rather than by a form.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
An empty list, which is an assertion: this rests on nothing external, and somebody checked. It is not the same as nobody having looked.

The shape

form.shape

What this form looks like, how it attaches, and in which medium it was recorded.

surfacesurface
be
boundnessboundness
freeit stands on its own as a word
host sizehost_size
host size: not recorded. Nobody has written this yetnot recorded
mediummedium
bothrecorded in both writing and speech
zerozero
falsethis form has a surface

The paradigm cell

form.cell

Where this form sits in a paradigm. A form that sits in none carries no cell, which is a fact about the form and not a gap.

This form sits in no paradigm. cell is optional exactly so that a form outside a paradigm can say so (03-schema.md §8.3).

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FORMbefrm.eng.beFORM

    The plain shape of the copula, the untensed member of a contrast most verbs in this language leave invisible.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FORMbefrm.eng.beFORM

    The plain shape of the copula, the untensed member of a contrast most verbs in this language leave invisible.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

form-of

edges.form-of

this shape belongs to this word

this shape belongs to

  • LEXEMEbelex.eng.beno page in v1documented
    • variant_iddefault