Logos

REALIZATIONrlz.spa-ar.polarity

polarity in Rioplatense Spanish

Rioplatense Spanish marks the negative value with the separate word no immediately before the verb, and the verb itself never inflects for the contrast.

Rioplatense Spanish leaves the positive value unmarked and marks the negative one with the separate word no placed immediately before the verb, where nothing but an unstressed object pronoun may intervene, as in no lo vi. The verb carries no polarity suffix of its own, so the exponent is a free word rather than an inflection, which is the strategy the dimension permits alongside a bound one. A closed series of negative words, among them nada, nadie, nunca, ninguno and tampoco, pairs with the positive series algo, alguien, siempre, alguno and también, and in each pair the negative member is the marked one. When a negative word follows the verb, no is still required, and when it precedes the verb, no is dropped, as nunca lo vi and no lo vi nunca show; that alternation involves several interacting elements across the clause, which the dimension holds outside its scope, and this record does not treat it as a second value. Wherever a negative reading is intended the marking is required, which is what the obligatory value records.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

What this language does about this category

realization.state

One of five states, or the eleventh cell: nobody has recorded a state, which is not a claim that the language lacks the distinction.

statestate
explicit, documented: marked in the word itselfexplicit
obligatorinessobligatoriness
obligatorymarked wherever it applies

The realizers

realization.via

Every via edge: this realizer, this way. An explicit or periphrastic state is a summary of this list, recomputed on every build and never authored.

  • FORMnadafrm.spa.nada
    exponencevia.payload.exponence
    cumulativeone exponent carries this and other categories at once
    mediumvia.payload.medium
    both
    positionvia.payload.position
    the whole word, which carries the negative value together with what it stands for
  • FORMnofrm.spa.no
    exponencevia.payload.exponence
    separativethis category has an exponent of its own
    mediumvia.payload.medium
    both
    positionvia.payload.position
    immediately before the verb, where nothing but an unstressed object pronoun may intervene
  • FORMnuncafrm.spa.nunca
    exponencevia.payload.exponence
    cumulativeone exponent carries this and other categories at once
    mediumvia.payload.medium
    both
    positionvia.payload.position
    the whole word, which carries the negative value together with what it stands for
  • OPERATIONnegación múltipleopr.spa.negacion-multiple
    exponencevia.payload.exponence
    separativethis category has an exponent of its own
    mediumvia.payload.medium
    both
    positionvia.payload.position
    the particle before the verb, required whenever a negative word follows it and absent whenever one precedes it

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain