Logos

REALIZATIONrlz.spa-ar.switch-reference

switch reference in Rioplatense Spanish

Rioplatense Spanish has no marking stating whether the subject of one clause is the same as the subject of a clause it is linked to.

Rioplatense Spanish has no switch reference system. No suffix, pronoun or connective states that the subject of a subordinate clause is the same as, or different from, the subject of the clause it depends on, and where the identity matters a speaker relies on the agreement suffix, on an overt pronoun, or on the context. One candidate might have qualified and does not. The choice between an infinitival complement and a finite dependent one is sensitive to subject identity, so quiero salir can be understood with one subject only and quiero que salgas requires two. That alternation follows from the fact that an infinitive carries no agreement of its own and takes its subject from the main clause, so it is a consequence of how the complement is built rather than a marking of the relation between two subjects, and it is unavailable in most of the contexts where the relation might need stating. Marking of this kind is required even where the identity is already unambiguous, and nothing in this language is.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

What this language does about this category

realization.state

One of five states, or the eleventh cell: nobody has recorded a state, which is not a claim that the language lacks the distinction.

statestate
absent, documented: the language does not encode this. Somebody looked and asserted itabsent
obligatorinessobligatoriness
Not applicable. The state is absent, so there is no marking to be obligatory or optional (03-schema.md §6.2).

The realizers

realization.via

Every via edge: this realizer, this way. An explicit or periphrastic state is a summary of this list, recomputed on every build and never authored.

No realizer. For an absent or void state that is required rather than missing: those states have zero via edges by design (03-schema.md §6.1).

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain