Words / cls.spa.numeral

ciento

Identity

Lemma: ciento
Part of speech: cls.spa.numeralread off the URL segment (in turn parsed from the LEXEME id by lib/routes.ts’s posAndLemmaOf), because Lexeme carries no pos field yet (LAN-217/LAN-274). This route is built to prefer node.data.pos as the field once that migration lands; until then, the id is the only source and this line says so rather than hiding it.
Frequency rank: not recorded
Gloss: The cardinal for a count of one hundred, which shortens before the noun it counts and before the words for thousand and million.

The word has two shapes and the condition on them is unusual, because the shortened shape appears both before a noun and before two larger numerals while the full shape appears before any smaller number and when the word stands alone in counting. That makes the alternation sensitive to what follows rather than to gender or number, which is what separates it from the shortening of the unit for one. Above this cardinal the hundreds themselves inflect for gender, which nothing between two and ninety nine does.

Sourced from:

Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)grammarentryno public licenceretrieved 2026-08-04by Real Academia Española and Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española
A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)grammarentryno public licenceretrieved 2026-08-04by John Butt and Carmen Benjamin

Paradigm

Non-finite forms (no person, so no coordinate in the five-column grid):

cientoThe full shape of the cardinal for one hundred, used before a smaller number and when counting alone.
cienThe shortened shape of the cardinal for one hundred, used before a noun and before the words for thousand and million.

Class memberships

has-a edges to CLASS objects (06-surface.md §5.2) — the door back into the grammar. Subsumption (is-a) is not available here: it is same-type-only (A3), so a LEXEME cannot is-a a CLASS.

numeral cardinalinherent

Examples

Each example declares its dialect and tier, per 06-surface.md §5.2 (“the interface ranks and labels rather than silently mixing registers”).

No examples are recorded for this lexeme (Lexeme.examples is optional; absent key = unstated, per lib/schema/nodes.ts’s own note — never a stub sentence invented to fill the section).

Where the grammar discusses this word

05-vocabulary.md §10.9’s own requirement: “a vocab entry links back to the grammar.” has-a edges to CATEGORY and inbound selects edges, both real graph edges rather than a generated cross-reference.

No CATEGORY membership or selects edge is recorded for this lexeme.