Logos

CONSTRUCTIONcon.spa.temporal-con-cuando

oración temporal con cuando

A subordinate clause locating the main event in time, its mood set by whether the time referred to has already come about.

The construction locates the main event relative to another, and its mood alternation is fully determined rather than chosen: a time already reached or habitually reached takes the indicative, and a time still to come takes the subjunctive. Because the alternation is determined, the future indicative is excluded from the subordinate clause entirely, which is a gap parallel to the one the open conditional shows and evidence that the two constructions are drawing on the same principle. The pattern extends to a family of temporal conjunctions that behave identically, and to one that takes the subjunctive without exception because the event it introduces is by definition not yet reached.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • metalanguagetemporal clause
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

Why this is a construction at all

construction.admission

Goldberg's admission test: a template earns storage either by being unpredictable or by being frequent.

admissionadmission
frequentit is stored because it recurs often enough to be learned whole

The slots

construction.slots

At least two, by the schema: fewer is not a multi-element template. Every filler is a link, never a name in prose.

  1. 0el adverbio relativo cuandolexically specified: only the fillers below may occupy it

    fillerslots[].filler
    functionslots[].fn
    No function is assigned to this slot.

  2. 1la cláusula subordinada, en indicativo o en subjuntivopositional: this slot is a place in the string, not a lexical requirement

    fillerslots[].filler
    No filler is named. For a positional slot that is the correct reading; for a lexical one it is a gap.
    functionslots[].fn
    FUNCTIONcomplemento circunstancialfun.spa.complemento-circunstancial

  3. 2la oración principalpositional: this slot is a place in the string, not a lexical requirement

    fillerslots[].filler
    No filler is named. For a positional slot that is the correct reading; for a lexical one it is a gap.
    functionslots[].fn
    FUNCTIONnúcleofun.spa.nucleo

Slot template

3 slots: 1 constrained, 2 positional, 2 naming a grammatical function.

  1. el adverbio relativo cuando
    constrained
    • adverbioclass
  2. la cláusula subordinada, en indicativo o en subjuntivo
    positional

    no lexical filler — this slot marks a position only

    names complemento circunstancial

  3. la oración principal
    positional

    no lexical filler — this slot marks a position only

    names núcleo

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

selects

edges.selects

the parent requires this elsewhere

this object requires, elsewhere

  • CATEGORYsubjunctivecat.subjunctivedocumented
    • conditionA time not yet reached forces the subjunctive, and a time already reached or habitually reached forces the indicative, so mood here encodes a temporal fact rather than an attitude.

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by