Logos

DERIVATIONder.spa.el-pronombre-deferente-concuerda-en-tercera-persona

the deferential pronoun takes third person agreement

A pronoun referring to the addressee takes the agreement of a phrase talked about rather than a phrase talked to, which is the residue of its origin as a noun phrase.

Reference and agreement come apart here, and the graph can say so because it keeps the addressee role separate from the person values. The pronoun refers to the participant being addressed, which is the second person of the speech situation. It controls third person agreement on the verb, which is the person of a participant being talked about. Nothing forces the two to match, and the mismatch is the surviving trace of a deferential noun phrase that once occupied the position. A description that reads person off the agreement suffix alone reports this pronoun as third person and loses the addressee entirely.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

Premises

derivation.premises

What has to be true for this chain to run. Roughly half of a chain's premises are other derivations, so a premise is often itself a chain.

the deferential pronoun takes third person agreement

A pronoun referring to the addressee takes the agreement of a phrase talked about rather than a phrase talked to, which is the residue of its origin as a noun phrase.

documentedforward

Premises (2)

  1. 1concordanciaTwo words stand in a dependency the grammar marks: a determiner or an adjective with its noun, a finite verb with its subject, a participle with what it is predicated of.

Conclusions (1)

derives 1 of 1enumerated

None.

Premises and conclusions declare no order (A16); listed alphabetically by id, a display choice and not a claim about which matters most. The steps above them are the one part of this component that IS a declared sequence, read from the applies-to composition chain.

Conclusions

derivation.conclusions

What the chain establishes. This is a set rather than a single fact: 45 percent of sampled derivations conclude about several things at once, and the several-ness is the claim.

Coverage, and what it does not reach

derivation.coverage

The arithmetic half is a required field and the build checks it. The residue rows are the structured half of the same statement.

derives 1 of 1enumerated

None.

every case was counted, and the count closes: nothing is left over

Residue

No residue row. Where the coverage statement above says nothing is left over, that agreement is the record being consistent with itself; where it does not, the structured half is missing.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Every one of this object’s 5 edges are rendered above, in the sections its own type owns. Nothing is missing here and nothing is repeated.