Logos

FORMfrm.spa.el-tilde

él

The stressed masculine singular third person pronoun, distinguished from the definite article by stress and, in writing, by an accent.

The shape is stressed where the article is not, and the written accent records that difference rather than any grammatical one. The pronoun depends on the context of utterance for its reference in the way a demonstrative does, and the deixis record notes that it nonetheless carries no distance value of its own: it points without saying how far.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • spanishél
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

The shape

form.shape

What this form looks like, how it attaches, and in which medium it was recorded.

surfacesurface
él
boundnessboundness
freeit stands on its own as a word
host sizehost_size
host size: not recorded. Nobody has written this yetnot recorded
mediummedium
bothrecorded in both writing and speech
zerozero
falsethis form has a surface

The paradigm cell

form.cell

Where this form sits in a paradigm. A form that sits in none carries no cell, which is a fact about the form and not a gap.

This form sits in no paradigm. cell is optional exactly so that a form outside a paradigm can say so (03-schema.md §8.3).

Confusable with

form.confusable

Objects a reader is likely to mix up with this one, and the difference that separates them. The edge is symmetric and stored once, so this renders on both objects' pages from the one statement.

  • FORMelfrm.spa.eldocumented

    what tells them apartThis shape is the definite article and is unstressed; the accented shape is the stressed third person pronoun. The written accent is the only thing that separates them on the page.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FORMélfrm.spa.el-tildeFORM

    The stressed masculine singular third person pronoun, distinguished from the definite article by stress and, in writing, by an accent.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FORMélfrm.spa.el-tildeFORM

    The stressed masculine singular third person pronoun, distinguished from the definite article by stress and, in writing, by an accent.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

via

edges.via

this realizer, this way

this object realizes

form-of

edges.form-of

this shape belongs to this word

this shape belongs to

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by