Logos

FUNCTIONfun.spa.atributo

atributo

The clause role a linking verb joins to the subject, agreeing with it in gender and number, and taken up by one invariable pronoun whatever the gender and number of what it names.

The attribute is the role that carries the predicate in a clause whose verb is only a link. Its identifying property is not agreement, which it shares with the secondary predicate, but the pronoun that takes it up: one invariable form stands in for it whatever the gender and number of the phrase it replaces, so that a feminine plural attribute and a masculine singular attribute are recovered by the same word. That is the sharpest test the language offers for the role, and it is a test no other clause role passes. The language uses two linking verbs where many use one, and which of the two appears is settled by whether the predicate is being filed as a property of the subject or read off the subject's current condition, a distinction that belongs to those verbs rather than to this role. The role admits phrases of several kinds, since a noun phrase, an adjective phrase and a prepositional phrase can all fill it, and the agreement is visible only when an adjective is what fills it.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • metalanguagesubject complement
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

The level it operates at

function.level

A function is a role something plays. This is the size of the thing whose structure supplies the role.

levellevel
clauseit is a role inside a clause, filled by a phrase

Confusable with

function.confusable

Objects a reader is likely to mix up with this one, and the difference that separates them. The edge is symmetric and stored once, so this renders on both objects' pages from the one statement.

  • FUNCTIONcomplemento predicativofun.spa.complemento-predicativodocumented

    what tells them apartBoth predicate something of another phrase in the clause and both agree with it, so agreement does not tell them apart. The verb does. This role appears with a verb that contributes no meaning of its own and exists to link, and removing the phrase leaves the clause incomplete. The other appears with a verb that carries its own meaning, and removing the phrase leaves a complete clause that says less.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FUNCTIONatributofun.spa.atributoFUNCTION

    The clause role a linking verb joins to the subject, agreeing with it in gender and number, and taken up by one invariable pronoun whatever the gender and number of what it names.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
  • FUNCTIONatributofun.spa.atributoFUNCTION

    The clause role a linking verb joins to the subject, agreeing with it in gender and number, and taken up by one invariable pronoun whatever the gender and number of what it names.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

has-a

edges.has-a

the parent carries this

this object carries

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by