DERIVATIONder.spa.una-sola-distincion-explica-las-dos-copulas
one distinction accounts for both copulas
One copula files a property as belonging to a thing and the other reports the condition a thing is in, and the long lists of exceptions collapse into that one contrast.
Descriptions of this pair usually proceed by listing environments, and the list runs to a dozen or more entries that look unrelated. They are one contrast seen in different material. One copula files the property under the subject as a classification; the other reports a condition read against how the subject has been or might otherwise be. Location patterns with the second because a location is a condition. A predicative phrase beside a main verb patterns with the second for the same reason. The residue is the copula of appearance, which does not draw the contrast at all and instead marks the property as inferred, and which is why the pair is a pair rather than a system.
- status
status documentedasserted, and the sources agree- provenance
provenance authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles- derivation status
derivation_status unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything- salience
salience - No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
- aliases
aliases - None recorded.
- sources
sources - SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)
src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1 - SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)
src.butt-benjaminno page in v1
- SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)
Premises
derivation.premisesWhat has to be true for this chain to run. Roughly half of a chain's premises are other derivations, so a premise is often itself a chain.
- CATEGORYaktionsart
cat.aktionsart - FUNCTIONatributo
fun.spa.atributo - REALIZATIONaktionsart in Rioplatense Spanish
rlz.spa-ar.aktionsart
one distinction accounts for both copulas
One copula files a property as belonging to a thing and the other reports the condition a thing is in, and the long lists of exceptions collapse into that one contrast.
derives 4 of 5enumerated
Adjectives that select one copula lexically and admit no reading with the other, where the contrast is not available for the distinction to be drawn on.
Residue (1)
- CONSTRUCTIONoración atributiva con parecerunstatedno failed premise is named, so this row records that the case is not covered without recording why
Premises and conclusions declare no order (A16); listed alphabetically by id, a display choice and not a claim about which matters most. The steps above them are the one part of this component that IS a declared sequence, read from the applies-to composition chain.
Conclusions
derivation.conclusionsWhat the chain establishes. This is a set rather than a single fact: 45 percent of sampled derivations conclude about several things at once, and the several-ness is the claim.
Coverage, and what it does not reach
derivation.coverageThe arithmetic half is a required field and the build checks it. The residue rows are the structured half of the same statement.
derives 4 of 5enumerated
Adjectives that select one copula lexically and admit no reading with the other, where the contrast is not available for the distinction to be drawn on.
every case was counted
Residue
- CONSTRUCTIONoración atributiva con parecer
con.spa.atributiva-con-parecer- fails on
derives.payload.failed_premise - No failed premise is named, so this row records that the case is not covered without recording why.
- fails on
Everything joined to this object
One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.
What this object is a kind of
Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.
- objects
- 1
- places drawn
- 1
- multi-parent
- None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
One copula files a property as belonging to a thing and the other reports the condition a thing is in, and the long lists of exceptions collapse into that one contrast.
Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.
Fan-out per dimension
A4One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.
- case13 values
- mood8 values
- voice8 values
- aspect7 values
- aktionsart6 values
- number6 values
- person6 values
- tense6 values
- comparison4 values
- evidentiality4 values
- gender4 values
- politeness4 values
- valency4 values
- animacy3 values
- definiteness3 values
- deixis3 values
- finiteness2 values
- information structure2 values
- interrogativity2 values
- polarity2 values
- switch-reference2 values
What kinds of this object there are
Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.
- objects
- 1
- places drawn
- 1
- multi-parent
- None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.
One copula files a property as belonging to a thing and the other reports the condition a thing is in, and the long lists of exceptions collapse into that one contrast.
Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.