Logos

OPERATIONopr.spa.cierre-vocalico

cierre vocálico

The alternation by which a mid stem vowel closes to the corresponding high vowel in a set of cells where the stem is unstressed.

Raising is confined to the third conjugation, which is the first thing that separates it from diphthongisation, and its cells are the ones diphthongisation leaves alone: the first and second person plural of the present subjunctive, the third persons of the preterite, and everything built on the preterite stem. A verb of the double alternating class shows both processes in one paradigm, one under stress and one without it, and the two never compete for the same cell because their conditions are complementary. The operation states which vowel closes and where; it does not state why the two processes divide the paradigm the way they do, which is a historical fact this graph carries no node for.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • metalanguagestem vowel raising
sourcessources
An empty list, which is an assertion: this rests on nothing external, and somebody checked. It is not the same as nobody having looked.

What it does, and when it fires

operation.rule

The domain it works in, and the firing condition as a sentence. The checkable form of that condition is the selects group below.

domaindomain
morphologicalit changes the shape of words
triggertrigger

A third conjugation verb of a raising class forms a cell whose stem is unstressed and whose ending begins with a stressed or high vowel.

How much it covers

operation.coverage

How many cases the operation actually derives, out of how many it claims, and how that was counted.

derives 2 of 2enumerated

None among the two declared classes that raise. What the operation does not derive is class membership: which third conjugation verbs raise is stored on the verb, and the shape of a stem predicts nothing about it.

every case was counted, and the count closes: nothing is left over

Confusable with

operation.confusable

Objects a reader is likely to mix up with this one, and the difference that separates them. The edge is symmetric and stored once, so this renders on both objects' pages from the one statement.

  • OPERATIONdiptongación tónicaopr.spa.diptongacion-tonicadocumented

    what tells them apartDiphthongisation fires where the stem is stressed and produces a two-vowel sequence; raising fires where the stem is unstressed and produces a single closer vowel. They are conditioned by opposite halves of the same stress distribution, and one class of verbs undergoes both, which is what makes the pair easy to run together.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

applies-to

edges.applies-to

the operation's input

this operation applies to

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by