Logos

OPERATIONopr.spa.supletivismo

supletivismo

The replacement of a whole stem by an unrelated one across part of a word's paradigm, so that one word is spelled from two historically separate roots.

Every other operation in this set produces a shape from a shape. This one produces nothing, and the honest way to record that is a coverage of zero out of one rather than an omitted coverage block or an invented number. What the operation does state is the shape of the gap: which cells of which verbs are served by a root the rest of the paradigm never uses, so that a reader who finds an unrecognisable form knows to stop looking for a rule. That is also why the node declares itself irreducible and names the operation it overrides. A stem alternation and a replaced stem cannot both apply to one cell, and the replacement wins, because there is no longer a stem for the alternation to read.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
irreducibleit follows from nothing: an arbitrary fact of the language
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • metalanguagesuppletion
sourcessources
An empty list, which is an assertion: this rests on nothing external, and somebody checked. It is not the same as nobody having looked.

What it does, and when it fires

operation.rule

The domain it works in, and the firing condition as a sentence. The checkable form of that condition is the selects group below.

domaindomain
morphologicalit changes the shape of words
triggertrigger

A verb of the suppletive class forms a cell that falls in the part of its paradigm served by the second root.

How much it covers

operation.coverage

How many cases the operation actually derives, out of how many it claims, and how that was counted.

derives 0 of 1enumerated

All of it. Suppletion is the declaration that a set of shapes follows from nothing, so a coverage of zero is the accurate statement and not a gap: the operation says which cells are served by a second root and never says what that root looks like.

every case was counted

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

applies-to

edges.applies-to

the operation's input

this operation applies to

overrides

edges.overrides

declared arbitrariness (A7)

this object overrides

these objects override this one

  • FORMfuefrm.spa.fuedocumented
    • reasonThe suppletion operation names which paradigm cells a second, unrelated root serves and declares a coverage of zero out of one for them, because it never predicts what that root looks like. This cell is exactly that residue: the copula and the verb of motion share one stored preterite shape drawn from neither infinitive, the case the operation exists to name rather than an unaccounted exception.
  • FORMvoyfrm.spa.voydocumented
    • reasonThe suppletion operation names which paradigm cells a second, unrelated root serves and declares a coverage of zero out of one for them, because it never predicts what that root looks like. This cell is that residue: the present built on a third, isolated root that appears nowhere else in the paradigm, the case the operation exists to name rather than an unaccounted exception.

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by