Words / cls.spa.pronombre

le

Identity

Lemma: le
Part of speech: cls.spa.pronombreread off the URL segment (in turn parsed from the LEXEME id by lib/routes.ts’s posAndLemmaOf), because Lexeme carries no pos field yet (LAN-217/LAN-274). This route is built to prefer node.data.pos as the field once that migration lands; until then, the id is the only source and this line says so rather than hiding it.
Frequency rank: not recorded
Gloss: The unstressed third person indirect object pronoun, marking number but not gender, and replaced by se before a direct object pronoun.

The dative series has two shapes where the accusative has four, because it marks number and not gender. It is the series that disappears before another unstressed pronoun of the same person: where a dative and an accusative meet, the dative is replaced rather than reordered, which is a substitution no other pair in the system undergoes. It also attaches a participant the verb does not select, which is how the language adds an affected person to a clause without changing the verb.

Sourced from:

Nueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)grammarentryno public licenceretrieved 2026-08-04by Real Academia Española and Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española
A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)grammarentryno public licenceretrieved 2026-08-04by John Butt and Carmen Benjamin

Paradigm

Non-finite forms (no person, so no coordinate in the five-column grid):

lesThe unstressed third person plural indirect object pronoun, marking number but not gender.
leThe unstressed third person indirect object pronoun, marking number but not gender, and replaced by the reflexive shape before a direct object pronoun.

Class memberships

has-a edges to CLASS objects (06-surface.md §5.2) — the door back into the grammar. Subsumption (is-a) is not available here: it is same-type-only (A3), so a LEXEME cannot is-a a CLASS.

pronombreinherent
pronombre átonoinherent

Examples

Each example declares its dialect and tier, per 06-surface.md §5.2 (“the interface ranks and labels rather than silently mixing registers”).

No examples are recorded for this lexeme (Lexeme.examples is optional; absent key = unstated, per lib/schema/nodes.ts’s own note — never a stub sentence invented to fill the section).

Where the grammar discusses this word

05-vocabulary.md §10.9’s own requirement: “a vocab entry links back to the grammar.” has-a edges to CATEGORY and inbound selects edges, both real graph edges rather than a generated cross-reference.

No CATEGORY membership or selects edge is recorded for this lexeme.