Logos

DERIVATIONder.spa.la-persona-en-el-verbo-permite-omitir-el-sujeto

person marking on the verb licenses the missing subject

A finite verb states the person and number of its subject, so a clause with no subject word is complete and the word appears only when something else requires it.

The suffix on a finite verb carries the same two values a subject pronoun would carry, so the pronoun adds nothing a hearer needs and the ordinary clause omits it. That is why the omission is stated here as a consequence rather than as a separate property of the language: it follows from the agreement operation and from the fact that person is realized inflectionally, and a language marking person less fully could not license it. The residue is the case where the suffix is not enough, namely a subject that is a phrase rather than a pronoun, since the suffix identifies a person and not a referent.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
None recorded.
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

Premises

derivation.premises

What has to be true for this chain to run. Roughly half of a chain's premises are other derivations, so a premise is often itself a chain.

person marking on the verb licenses the missing subject

A finite verb states the person and number of its subject, so a clause with no subject word is complete and the word appears only when something else requires it.

documentedforward

Premises (2)

  1. 1concordanciaTwo words stand in a dependency the grammar marks: a determiner or an adjective with its noun, a finite verb with its subject, a participle with what it is predicated of.

Conclusions (1)

derives 1 of 2enumerated

Clauses whose subject is a phrase rather than a pronoun, where the agreement suffix identifies the person but not the referent and the phrase cannot be dropped.

Residue (1)

  • FUNCTIONsujetounstatedno failed premise is named, so this row records that the case is not covered without recording why

Premises and conclusions declare no order (A16); listed alphabetically by id, a display choice and not a claim about which matters most. The steps above them are the one part of this component that IS a declared sequence, read from the applies-to composition chain.

Conclusions

derivation.conclusions

What the chain establishes. This is a set rather than a single fact: 45 percent of sampled derivations conclude about several things at once, and the several-ness is the claim.

Coverage, and what it does not reach

derivation.coverage

The arithmetic half is a required field and the build checks it. The residue rows are the structured half of the same statement.

derives 1 of 2enumerated

Clauses whose subject is a phrase rather than a pronoun, where the agreement suffix identifies the person but not the referent and the phrase cannot be dropped.

every case was counted

Residue

  • FUNCTIONsujetofun.spa.sujeto
    fails onderives.payload.failed_premise
    No failed premise is named, so this row records that the case is not covered without recording why.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Every one of this object’s 8 edges are rendered above, in the sections its own type owns. Nothing is missing here and nothing is repeated.