Logos

CONSTRUCTIONcon.spa.relativa-explicativa

oración de relativo explicativa

A clause attached to an already identified noun phrase that adds information about it without narrowing what it picks out.

The construction adds a predication about an antecedent whose reference is already fixed, and it is marked in writing by commas and in speech by a break in intonation. Two consequences separate it mechanically from the restrictive kind. It is refused the subjunctive, because the mood alternation there does referential work and there is no reference left to settle. And it admits a proper name or a pronoun as its antecedent, which the restrictive kind cannot, since a name already picks out exactly one entity and there is nothing to narrow. The set of relative elements it admits is also wider, and one of them is available only here.

statusstatus
documentedasserted, and the sources agree
provenanceprovenance
authoredwritten for Logos, from first principles
derivation statusderivation_status
unstatednobody has said whether it follows from anything
saliencesalience
No salience. Where no frequency source applies the object carries none, rather than a default or a guess (03-schema.md §3.5).
aliasesaliases
  • metalanguagenon restrictive relative clause
sourcessources
  • SOURCENueva gramática de la lengua española (2009)src.nueva-gramaticano page in v1
  • SOURCEA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt and Benjamin)src.butt-benjaminno page in v1

Why this is a construction at all

construction.admission

Goldberg's admission test: a template earns storage either by being unpredictable or by being frequent.

admissionadmission
frequentit is stored because it recurs often enough to be learned whole

The slots

construction.slots

At least two, by the schema: fewer is not a multi-element template. Every filler is a link, never a name in prose.

  1. 0el antecedente, ya identificadopositional: this slot is a place in the string, not a lexical requirement

    fillerslots[].filler
    No filler is named. For a positional slot that is the correct reading; for a lexical one it is a gap.
    functionslots[].fn
    FUNCTIONnúcleofun.spa.nucleo

  2. 1el relativolexically specified: only the fillers below may occupy it

    fillerslots[].filler
    functionslots[].fn
    FUNCTIONdeterminaciónfun.spa.determinacion

  3. 2la cláusula subordinada, con verbo finito e indicativopositional: this slot is a place in the string, not a lexical requirement

    fillerslots[].filler
    No filler is named. For a positional slot that is the correct reading; for a lexical one it is a gap.
    functionslots[].fn
    FUNCTIONmodificadorfun.spa.modificador

Slot template

3 slots: 1 constrained, 2 positional, 3 naming a grammatical function.

  1. el antecedente, ya identificado
    positional

    no lexical filler — this slot marks a position only

    names núcleo

  2. el relativo
    constrained
    • pronombreclass

    names determinación

  3. la cláusula subordinada, con verbo finito e indicativo
    positional

    no lexical filler — this slot marks a position only

    names modificador

Confusable with

construction.confusable

Objects a reader is likely to mix up with this one, and the difference that separates them. The edge is symmetric and stored once, so this renders on both objects' pages from the one statement.

Everything joined to this object

One group per typed edge, in both directions. A1b guarantees no object node is an orphan, so this is the whole navigation: an object with no edges would have failed the build rather than reached this page.

What this object is a kind of

Walking this object's own `is-a` edges: what it is a kind of. Several branches from one object are several classification axes, not competing supertypes.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

Fan-out per dimension

A4

One row per dimension, largest first. That is a display order, not a verdict: 03-schema.md declares no threshold above which fan-out is too much, so this reports the count and grades nothing.

  • case13 values
  • mood8 values
  • voice8 values
  • aspect7 values
  • aktionsart6 values
  • number6 values
  • person6 values
  • tense6 values
  • comparison4 values
  • evidentiality4 values
  • gender4 values
  • politeness4 values
  • valency4 values
  • animacy3 values
  • definiteness3 values
  • deixis3 values
  • finiteness2 values
  • information structure2 values
  • interrogativity2 values
  • polarity2 values
  • switch-reference2 values

What kinds of this object there are

Walking the `is-a` edges that point at this object: what kinds of it there are. An object reachable two ways is drawn in both places and is still one object.

objects
1
places drawn
1
multi-parent
None in this view. This subgraph happens to be a tree, which the explorer draws as one without assuming it is one.

Siblings are listed by name, then by id to break ties. That is a display choice made here and not an order the graph asserts.

selects

edges.selects

the parent requires this elsewhere

this object requires, elsewhere

  • CATEGORYindicativecat.indicativedocumented
    • conditionThe clause is refused the subjunctive, since its antecedent is already identified and there is nothing left for mood to make specific.

derives

edges.derives

the why-chain

derived by